Rotter developed the ie scale as a means of assessing individuals dispositional beliefs as to whether their reinforcements or valued outcomes were due to their own behavior. High scores indicate internal locus of control and low scores indicate external locus of control. In order to have my plans work, i make sure that they fit in with the desires of people who have power over me. Following levensons 1974 splitting rotters ie construct into three dimensions internal, powerful others, and chance they developed the multidimensional health locus of control mhlc scales.
Construct validity of need for achievement and locus of. The following sample items from each scale demonstrate that. Locus of control has been seen as an important factor in boosting the business performance. Internals were believed by rotter 1966 to exhibit two essential characteristics. The concurrent validity of the questionnaire, as measured by levensons ipc. Locus of control was measured with the internality subscale of levensons 1981 internal.
R and levensons ipc scales holder, elaine e levi, daniel j. When i make plans, i am almost certain to make them work. A of multidimensional health locus of control scales in iran. Scale 1620 and the fetal health locus of control scale 21. Locus of control chance subscale correlated positively with levensons. Bas4d on these findings, the following recommendations were made for career and vocational education. A person can score minimum 0 and maximum 48 scores on this scale. Validation of an adaptation of levensons locus of control scale with adult male incarcerated sexual offenders article pdf available in annals of sex research 241. For a student group kuderrichardson reliabilities are in the mid. Psychometric properties of the multidimensional health. Effects of students characteristics and locus of control on their.
Many of the unhappy things in people s lives are partly due to bad luck. The original health locus of control scale was conceptualized as a unidimensional construct internal or external locus of control over health. Pdf the multidimensional health locus of control scale. A comprehensive selfstructured locus of control questionnaire was adapted from rotters locus of control scale 1966 and levensons multidimensional locus of control scale adapted by vohra 1992 for assessing. At the swedish wellness center in englewood, colorado, the mhlc is administered as part of a battery of tests given to each new participant upon enrolling in the center. Three control measures were included, a generalized measure and two domainspecific measures. Jul 26, 2004 a questionnaire consisting of demographic items, questions about gambling behavior, the south oaks gambling screen sogs, a depression inventory, the eysenck impulsiveness questionnaire, levensons internality, powerful others and chance scales of locus of control and the gambling motivation scale, was completed by a nonrandom sample of 147 new zealand university students who gambled for. Since the conceptualization of locus of control loc as an expectancy that reinforcement is either contingent on ones own actions internal loc or forces peripheral to ones influence external loc. Of 1,484 program participants in sweden, 776 contained adequate data for analysis. Pre and postprogram scores were available for the alternative thinking test, levensons locus of control scale, skill survey, citizen scale, and problem checklist, all areas. This blog explores the locus of control scale, how to identify a clients location on the scale, the implications and influences of locus of control from a hypnotherapy perspecticve, and how to help the client achieve a more balanced position, leading to a more engaged, empowered and emotionally responsible client. Bialer s 1961 23item scale for children predates rotter s work.
Since 1970, rotters assumption of unidimensionality has been challenged, with levenson for example arguing that different dimensions of locus of control such as beliefs that. Locus of control and suicidal ideation centre for suicide. In personality psychology, locus of control refers to the extent to which individuals believe they can control events affecting them. Supportive government policies, locus of control and. Its chiefly a matter of fate whether or not i have a few friends or many friends. Understanding of the concept was developed by julian b. The volunteers were men and women between the ages of 19 and 37 n61. Low scores reflect tendencies not to believe in that locus of control. Rotter in 1954, and has since become an aspect of personality studies see personalit. Rotter in 1954, and has since become an aspect of personality studies see personality psychology. Rotter in 1954, and has since become an aspect of personality studies.
Oct 30, 2003 the original health locus of control scale was conceptualized as a unidimensional construct internal or external locus of control over health. Sep 19, 2018 locus of control was assessed by the internality subscale from the levensons ipc scale levenson, 1973. Example items include, when i make plans, i am certain i can make them work and if something looks too complicated, i will not even bother to try it. In personality psychology, locus of control is the degree to which people believe that they have control over the outcome of events in their lives, as opposed to external forces beyond their control. Dec 29, 2015 the questionnaire consists of 24 statements scored on a scale of 1 to5 strongly agree to strongly disagree.
The relationships among these constructs and cultural based differences in those relationships were also explored. Cfa was conducted in order to test the construct validity of the questionnaire. It is a 24 items scale developed to measure three factors. Two and threefactor models based on all 24 of levensons items and on 20 of her items were tested. Pdf this study examined the psychometric equivalence of forms a and b of the. Rotter s locus of control scale for each question select the statement that you agree with the most 1.
The multidimensional locus of control ipc scale ipc loc scale is an. Multidimensional health locus of control scale 1 72 to assess a person s beliefs regarding whether his or her health status is determined by the actions of individuals as opposed to fate, luck, or chance and, if so, whether the locus of that control is internal i. The scale includes separate measures of internality general perceived control. Locus of control is a psychological construct that. The james internalexternal locus of control scale is one of the first devised measures of locus of control. Validity and reliability of core selfevaluations scale in. Locus of control was assessed by the internality subscale from the levensons ipc scale levenson, 1973. The most frequently used locus of control instrument, the internal versus external locus of control ie scale rotter, 1966 is considered to center mainly on external control. However, so far,there has no any study especially analyzing this factor in a specific situation such as in smalland medium enterprises smes. A persons locus latin for place or location is conceptualized as either internal the person believes they can control their. Locus of control wikimili, the best wikipedia reader. When i get what i want, it is usually because i worked hard for it. Chinese were speculated to be more field dependent, external locus of control and certaintyoriented than north. Also, cultural norms have implications for the traits we exhibit.
The subject of locus of control and scale aspects give me the opportunity to work on a. Multidimensional health locus of control scale 1 72 to assess a persons beliefs regarding whether his or her health status is determined by the actions of individuals as opposed to fate, luck, or chance and, if so, whether the locus of that control is internal i. The scale was created for the purpose of conducting a psychological study examining antisocial disposition among a. The levenson selfreport psychopathy scale lsrp is a 26item, 4point likert scale, selfreport inventory to measure primary and secondary psychopathy in noninstitutionalised populations. This was the basis of the locusofcontrol scale proposed by rotter in 1966, although it was based on rotters belief that locus of control is a single construct. The present scale for locus of control has been prepared by sanjay vohra 1992 and is based on levensons scale for locus of control 1973. A persons loci plural of locus, latin for place or location. Pre and postprogram scores were available for the alternative thinking test, levenson s locus of control scale, skill survey, citizen scale, and problem checklist, all areas addressed in. The locus of control idea is based on what psychologists call social learning theory. James was a student of julian rotter, whose social learning theory influenced the development of locus of control as a construct. Analysis of the data showed that the two types differ on seven of smiths variables and that hollands and levenson8classifications of personalities are consistent with smiths. Multidimensional health locus of control scales springerlink. Research on the relationship between selfesteem and locus of control has shown that the two constructs are significantly related, with a tendency for high selfesteem to be strongly linked to an internal locus of control, an individuals. R and levensons ipc scales mental health and locus of control.
Reliability and validity of the multidimensional locus of. The structure of the levenson locus of control scale in young. Form c of the multidimensional health locus of control scales mhlcc was designed to investigate healthrelated control beliefs of persons with an existing medical condition. Frontiers measuring psychological change and predicting. Locus of control and the proenvironmental attitudes. The onetoone program aims to reduce criminal recidivism among prisoners shortly awaiting release, and among probationers. A questionnaire consisting of demographic items, questions about gambling behavior, the south oaks gambling screen sogs, a depression inventory, the eysenck impulsiveness questionnaire, levensons internality, powerful others and chance scales of locus of control and the gambling motivation scale, was completed by a nonrandom sample of 147 new zealand university students. Rotter, 1966, significant progress has occurred in better differentiating between the sources of individuals external loc expectancies. The questionnaire consists of 24 statements scored on a scale of 1 to5 strongly agree to strongly disagree. Crosscultural scale effects for a short locus of control scale. Validity and reliability of the multidimensional health. An examination of the personality traits and disorders associated with the lsrp factors. A person s loci plural of locus, latin for place or location.
It is possible for a person to have higher scores on both dimensions of loc. Ethics of climate security and disaster planning, evaluating and theorising. Pdf the relationship between locus of control and depression. Many of the unhappy things in peoples lives are partly due to bad luck. The most frequently used locus of control instrument, the internal versus external locus of control iescale rotter, 1966 is considered to center mainly on external control. The internal consistencies of the three scales are the following. It isnt wise to plan too far ahead because most of things turn out to be a matter of good or bad fortune. Levensons 1974 multidimensional control scale, which wa s th e generalized measure include thre subscales. The purpose of this study was to examine control beliefs and their role in the different ways victims cope with burglary. The structure of the levenson locus of control scale in. The questionnaire submitted to the 150 participants comprises. Cross cultural differences in locus of control, field. Children get into trouble because their patents punish them too much.
One potential use of the health locus of control scales is as a clinical tool rather than as or in conjunction with a research instrument. The purpose of the present construct validation study was to assess the internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity coefficients, and replicability of the factor structure of two previously validated measures of locus of control loc and need for achievement nach. Frontiers career ambition as a way of understanding the. Pdf validity and reliability of the multidimensional health locus of. Uvaob0786 4 locus of control as a continuum from internal to external. Perceived control and intellectual functioning in the.
Levensons 1974 new refinement of locus of control scale was useful for. The levenson selfreport psychopathy scale is a test of psychopathy for research situations. A comparison of chinese and american students lao, rosina c. The trouble with most children nowadays is that their parents are too easy with them.
Validity and reliability of the multidimensional health locus. Beside, it can also be used as the trigger to enhance the business survival. Supportive government policies, locus of control and student. High scores indicate that one believes that ones outcomes are controlled by him\her. Locus of control is the degree to which people believe that they, as opposed to external forces beyond their influence, have control over the outcome of events in their lives. Health locus of control scales vanderbilt mafiadoc. Rotters locus of control scale for each question select the statement that you agree with the most 1.
The most widely used questionnaire to measure locus of control is the item plus six filler items, forcedchoice scale of rotter 1966. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of this instrument in a culture characterized by external control beliefs and learned helplessnesscontrary to the societal context of original. Reliability and validity of the multidimensional locus of control ipc. The participants completed levensons 1981 locus of control scale. Internal, powerful others and chance locus of control. Locus of control is a psychological construct that refers to whether individuals. The present study is a cross cultural study comparing north americans and chinese on field dependenceindependence, locus of control and uncertainty orientation. Psychometric properties of the multidimensional health locus. Journal of crosscultural psychology, 9, 1, 124, mar 78. In the first study, participants were college students who had been burglarized within the previous year. To explore locus of control and suicidal ideation, levensons locus of control scale and the beck depression inventory were administered to psychiatric inpatients and 9 expatients in a support group. Mediating and moderating effects of locus of control and.
Nov 29, 2019 the onetoone program aims to reduce criminal recidivism among prisoners shortly awaiting release, and among probationers. It may be that some of the lack of significant findings with the health locus of control scales is due to investigators not having used the proper analysis strategies. Internalexternal locus of control loc of reinforcement is a generalized expectancy construct consistent with julian rotters social learning theory rotter, 1954. Wallston i barbara strudler wallston health is onc of the many arcas intvhich thcre has bccn a signilicanl amount of interest in relaling locus of control loc bclicfs lo a varicty of relevant behaviors. A persons locus plural loci, latin for place or location is. Locus of control as correlate of selfregulation among. This was the basis of the locus of control scale proposed by rotter in 1966, although it was based on rotter s belief that locus of control is a single construct.
The locus of control scale identifying and rebalancing. Social learning theory suggests that an expectation is reinforced 2 when the expected events or behavior actually occur in the future. A comprehensive selfstructured locus of control questionnaire was adapted from rotters locus of control scale 1966 and levensons multidimensional locus of control scale adapted by vohra 1992 for assessing the locus of control among selected respondents. This study of a small sample of patients gives results consistent with the existence of an association between suicidal ideation and belief in locus.
1247 142 496 424 1088 868 1257 1169 214 1481 107 62 840 167 1084 211 1376 834 1272 967 1389 365 1115 537 903 917 307 169 636 316 906 40 241 209 1205 860 1067 765 1315